This photograph, dated from about 1910, shows the frontage onto the High Road, between Union Street (just off the right-hand extremity of the picture) and Willoughby Street (which may be seen near the centre of the picture, where the lady is shown stepping into the road). The individual properties, right to left, were then numbered 64,66, 68 & 70 but had been 30,32,34 & 36 respectively before the renumbering of the High Road in 1908 1. On the opposite side of High Road, is the junction with Stoney Street, flanked either side by Paling's greengrocery and Bailey's butchers shop. Alongside the group of perhaps slightly apprehensive children, a sandwich-board man has appeared, appropriately dressed as a shepherd - as he is advertising bargains at Shepherds grocery shop, back along the High Road between Acacia Walk and Station Road.

By this date, this frontage was fully developed but, in common with most of the south side of the High Road, it had seen a complete transformation over the previous hundred years. At the time of the Enclosure in 1809 2, that side of what was then the Nottingham to Sawley Turnpike was essentially open pasture made up of crofts, running between there and what is now Middle Street, which had (in contrast to the surrounding open fields now the subject of the enclosure) been individually owned for centuries. These crofts can be clearly seen on the section of the Enclosure Award map shown here. Any buildings that did then exist were cottages and simple buildings to support farming activities and craftsmen who, in turn, supported them.

64 (previously 30) High Road - It was in this stretch, on the site of the larger building on the right, originally No. 30 but changed to No.64 when the High Road was renumbered in 1908, where John Walker traded as wheelwright up to his death in 1844. He was the third of five sons of William (c1760-1830) and Mary (née Thompson c1865-1838). William, it seems, farmed the remainder of croft at this location and this was continued by his second son, William (1789-1862) and this was continued by Joseph Walker (1806-1881), his youngest brother, after William junior's death. Thomas (c1787 - abt1860), their elder brother, worked as a lace maker. James, their second youngest brother (1804-1836), trained as a draper in Nottingham before his excessive drinking led to a downfall. This story, together with that of his eventual religious salvation before his early death is told here. Like his parents and most of his brothers and their wives, he is buried in Beeston Churchyard where their memorials survive 3.

John Walker and his wife Hannah 4 had two children. Elizabeth, their daughter, died aged only 22 in 1854 but their son, John (b.1836) went on to marry Louisa Moore, the eldest daughter of John & Susannah (née Newbold) 5 and eventually inherited the family home on the High Road and developed it to be the building we see in the picture, where he - and eventually most of his family - were to trade as drapers for more than fifty years. In fact, after Beeston was connected to a gas supply in 1861 5, John secured the position of collector of the gas rate, a position he held until his retirement after about forty years in the job. Despite, his parents and brothers' lifelong connection with the Parish Church, John and his family, like many Beeston people then and since, developed a strong adherence to the Methodist faith - in their case the Wesleyans - and, at one stage, around 1893, perhaps following the traditional Methodist 'self-help' tradition, John appears to have been involved in a private chapel-based school (the advert for tutors shown here is from October 1893 6 ). John is also known to have been a Sunday School teacher at the Wesleyan chapel, then on Chapel Street, Beeston 7. Louisa died in June 1906 followed by John in October 1914. They are buried in Beeston Cemetery where they are remembered as part of Louisa's parents, John & Susanna Moore's memorial 8.

John and Louisa's two eldest sons, Harry (1859-1941) and Horace William Walker (1860-1943), assisted by their sister Lizzie (1864-1941) continued to run the drapery business until it was closed in the mid 1920s. By that time, Harry, his wife Eliza and their two children had moved to 68 Imperial Road, Beeston and, in retirement, were to move to 3 Newcastle Avenue, Beeston. Harry died in 1941 aged 81, followed by Eliza in 1951, aged 84 9. In 1920, their daughter Gladys had married Maurice George Barton, one of the sons of Thomas Henry Barton, the founder of Barton Transport. Sadly the marriage ended in divorce in 1939 10. Both Horace William and his sister Lizzie remained single and moved to live at 14 Cromwell Road, Beeston following their retirement. After Lizzie's Death in 1941, Horace moved to live at 26 Enfield Street, Beeston, with his younger sister Helen, then a widow following the death of her husband, Thomas Wright Thornhill in 1938 11. Horace died in 1953, aged 82 and Helen in 1950, aged 77 12. John, John and Louisa's youngest child had not been involved in the drapery business. After working as a clerk at a cycle works he later became its sales manager while living with his family at 26 Cromwell Road 13. Like is brother, he also lived with his widowed sister Helen after he became a widower.

By 1925, after the closure of the Walkers' drapery business, the shop was occupied by Reginald Stuart Applebee who traded there selling 'everything electrical' for Beeston households. This continued until 1933 when he moved across the road to number 63, where he and other family members were to continue to trade for about seventy years. After this move, the Walker home and shop at 64 High Road were remodeled to provide three shop units fronting onto High Road, which were numbered 64, 64a and 64b. These are shown in this photograph, dating from around 1960, which shows that the site of the Walker draper's shop had, by now, been remodeled to form two small shops, designated numbers 64b and 64a, then occupied respectively by Betta Baby Wear and Harry Allen, the local photographer - who had, it seems just moved in as his previous shop, nearly opposite at no. 87 is shown still occupied by him in a photograph taken on the same day. He appears that he remained at 64a until he sold the business and retired in 1972, after which the new owner opened at 96 High Road. Number 64 itself, what had been the Walker house, on the corner of Union Street, was now the site of Harold Clifford's pork butchers shop. Harold, born in 1891, was the son of George Clifford who had originally set up in business in 1897 at what is now 98 High Road, between Willoughby Street and City Road. Harold had trained with his father and was ready to take over when the Great War changed everything. After enlisting in June 1916 with the Sherwood Foresters he was then transferred to France with the North Staffordshire Regiment and promoted to Lance Corporal. Sadly, he was badly injured and, as a result, was discharged with a disability pension in April 1918 15. In the meantime, his father had retired and the original business had been taken over by Joseph Ernest Greenway who continued to trade there as a pork butcher. But, in 1921, with the support of his father, Harold opened up at this new location in direct competition and an advertising battle ensued. This advertisement - shown right - is an example of Harold's side of the 'battle'. See here for Greenway's side of the story 16. As can be seen, a major part of the competing claims was the origin of the "Beeston" pork pie and sausages. Eventually, it seems, the two businesses were able to carry on in the own right. In 1920, Harold had married Gertrude Annie Stephenson 17 and they went on to have two children, Mavis in 1921 and John in 1930. By 1939, Harold and his family had moved to live at 24b Central Avenue, West Bridgford, Notts, were they ran a confectionary shop 18 whilst continuing with the Beeston business. It seems most likely that the West Bridgford shop was run by Gertrude and possibly their daughter Mavis, who was then aged 18, while Harold and eventually John continued with the Beeston shop with practical part-time help from George up to shortly before his death in July 1964, aged 94 19. By that time, it appears that Harold's son John had joined him at the Beeston shop and Harold and Gertrude had moved back to Beeston to live at 11 Cyprus Avenue. Harold died in 1974 20 followed, in 1879, by Gertrude, aged 81.

In more recent times, the whole of the site that had been the Walker property - taking in numbers 64, 64a and 64b - was comprehensively redeveloped to form the building we have today, comprising three sales-shops with a floor above, lit by four small square bay windows. The shops retain the original numbers and are, at the time of our update in late 2023. occupied by Vision Express, Oxfam and Card Factory respectively.

66-70 (previously 32-36) High Road - This part of the frontage that we see in the main photograph, was clearly purpose-built for retail use at street level, with living accommodation in the two storeys above - as often as not, in the early years, occupied by the shop-owner's family. Dating it precisely is not easy as, prior to 1891, the properties were not numbered on the records we have. Nevertheless, a degree of continuity in the trades and occupants in earlier years, alongside evidence that Willoughby Street was opened up and started to be developed in the early 1850s, points to the conclusion that this block of shops, as well as the block on the other corner of Willoughby Street, was built in the 1850s. This means that it was already almost 60 years old at the time of our photograph. Early in 1869, it seems that the freehold of each of the three units was offered for sale (see right), although the third one was withdrawn before the sale. Although we are given no clues as to the identity of either the vendor or the purchaser, the names of the tenants and the type of shop offer useful confirmation to census and directory evidence from that era.

We can now take a look at each shop and their occupants in turn during this time and into more recent times, using present-day street numbers:

66 High Road - this is the property that is shown, occupied by Greenlees as a shoe shop, in the main photograph. This is known to be the position by the time of the renumbering in 1908 21 but in early years it was occupied as a chemist's shop. In 1861 it appears that George Savage was trading there, described as a chemist and druggist 22. Born in Mansfield, Notts in 1811, he had traded in Mansfield for some years before becoming, in all probability, the Beeston shop's first tenant. He had married Mary Ann Sanderson in 1841 and they had four children before her early death, aged only 44, in 1849 23. Although the exact date of his arrival in Beeston is not known, it is likely that it was before March 1860 as it was then that Jane, his second wife, died in Beeston, aged only 53 and was buried in Beeston Churchyard 24' It appears also that his Beeston business was not a success, at least in the early years, as he was declared bankrupt and, although he was discharged by the Court in August 1862 25, it is likely that his circumstances would have continued to be difficult. He died in Beeston in May 1867, aged 57, and was buried with his wife in Beeston Churchyard 26. The contents of his shop, together with his furniture were sold at auction in June 1867 27.

The next occupant, also a chemist, was Eldred Faull, born in 1836 in Stokesley, Yorkshire, one of the large family of John Honey Faull and his wife Jane (née Cooper) 28. As a Wesleyan Minister, John Henry moved about the country over the years and Eldred was apprenticed in a large drapery store in Sheffield 29 before taking a position as an assistant to a druggist in Wath upon Dearne, near Rotherham 30. In 1867, John Henry had been appointed to a supernumerary Minister at Beeston and, it seems. his son took the opportunity of the then vacant chemists shop to start up in business for himself. In the following year, Eldred married Emma Baldry in the Wesleyan Meeting House in Yoxford, Suffolk where, his father had been stationed and where no doubt, the couple had met 31. In due course, five children - three boys and two girls - were born to the couple in Beeston but, sadly, two of their sons died as infant, including John Eldred Faull, their eldest son, who died in February 1876, aged 3, and was buried in Beeston Churchyard. His grandfather, Reverend John Honey Faull, died in the following May, after serving as a Minister for 56 years, and was buried in the same grave. His wife Jane continued to live in Beeston, died in June 1886, aged 84 and was buried with her husband and grandson 31. Their memorial (click to view) survives in the Churchyard. By 1890, Eldred and Emma had decided to move on and was by then trading as a chemist and druggist at 66 Church Street, Warrington, Lancashire but, in November 1890, Eldred died, aged only 54 33 and his widow was left to carry on as best she could 34. For several years she continued to operate the chemist's shop in Warrington with the help of an employed manager and for a while, it seems, by her son William Henry - but this stopped in 1895 when he emigrated to Canada 35. By 1901 she and her two daughters had left Warrington and returned to her roots in Suffolk and opened a newsagents in Yoxford, later moving to Southwold where the business continued as a bookshop 36. Her daughter Mary Elizabeth left to pursue a long career in nursing 37 while Emma Irene stayed with her mother and assisted with the business and, after Emma's death in April 1917 38, continued it in the form of a stationery and newsagents in Southwold 39. Neither Emma Irene or Mary Elizabeth was to marry and they both died in 1944 within three months of each other 40.

After Eldred Faull and his family had left Beeston, around 1890, the shop became occupied by Arthur Blurton Frost who continued to operate it as a chemist's shop, specialising in surgical hosiery and similar products. Frost was born in Sheffield in 1861, the only child of Thomas Frost (c1828-1890), a Nottinghamshire born doctor, and his wife Mary (née Blurton) 41. Sadly, Mary died when Arthur, their only child, was aged about one 42. Although Thomas eventually married again, in 1867, to Jane Elizabeth Bell and they went on to have at least five children together 43, it was likely to have not been the easiest of childhood for Arthur and, after Thomas died in 1890 44, he was essentially alone in the world. But, although we have no evidence of his early working life, somehow, he had gained experience as a chemist and started in business in Beeston. In fact, there is little doubt that his marriage, in June 1883, to Elizabeth Wilkinson, the second daughter of George Wilkinson, the builder, property owner and publican - and brother of Frank Wilkinson, the Beeston and Chilwell based lace entrepreneur - would have placed him firmly within the Beeston business community 45. Arthur was to continue trading at this High Road address until around 1903 by which time he had, in conjunction with his father-in-law, developed Commercial Buildings, the prominent row of shops with bay-windowed living accommodation above that still remains today, essentially in its originally form, on the corner of Wollaton Road and The Square. By 1904, having already diversified into the sale of wines and spirits alongside his chemist and surgical appliances business, he had moved to Commercial Buildings 46. A successful business was now firmly established and was to continue, mainly as a wholesale business, for more than twenty years more. On a personal level, Arthur and Elizabeth were able to live at Clifton Lodge on Devonshire Avenue, Beeston, the imposing property on the south corner on Vicarage Street 47. He died in 1951 followed by his wife Elizabeth two years later, having had no children 48.

The next known occupant of the shop itself - certainly by 1908 when the High Road was renumbered - was a branch of Greenlees, part of the national chain of popular shoe shops which had its origins in Paisley in Scotland where it was founded by the boot manufacturer, James Greenlees in the second half of the 19th century. James had no less than 11 sons, several of whom joined the firm and were able to take responsibility for different area of the business as it expanded from the 1890s onwards, incorporating its footwear brand "Easiephit". By 1907, two of the Greenlees brothers had relocated to Leicester, an important centre for the boot and shoe trade. By the following year, the company had 90 branches - including, it seems, the Beeston branch - and the number continued to increase, using both the Greenlees and "Easiephit" names, reaching 260 by 1935. In 1957, the company with its chain of shops was acquired by Great Universal Stores and continued to trade, now with a total of 380 stores, until the 1980s 49. The Beeston shop was to continue in this location for many years - certainly until the 1950s and possibly longer.

Many of the shops along the High Road were constructed with living accommodation above the ground floor sales area. For those shops that were operated by a family, this often provided a convenient for them to live conveniently and economically, 'over the shop'. Where the shops were operated as part of a chain they were often 'lock-up' units with any space on floors above available for rent for other use where it was not needed for storage. This might also apply if the family shopkeeper had outgrown the available space above the shop, either because of its limited space or the desire to find somewhere to live away from the shop, and had moved to a more conventional home elsewhere. 66 High Road, illustrates some aspects of this with Arthur and Elizabeth Frost the last to live 'over the shop' and the upper floors being used in other ways in the years that followed.

In our main picture, dated about 1910, we can clearly see that, Greenlees operated on the ground-floor, possibly with some storage space on the next floor, with its staff living away from the premises. As we can see, a tea shop is operating from an upper floor - requiring a large flag to make its presence known. However, this venture appears to have been short-lived as, by 1911, the upper-floors appear to be occupied by William Edwin Westmorland, his wife Annie and their 3-year-old son, John Edward (then known as 'Jack'). All three were born in Nottingham 50 so it seems they had recently moved and William Edwin offering his services as an 'extractor and adopter of artificial teeth', probably a carefully constructed description of his role which was to carry out much of the role of a dentist without formal qualifications. Although a Dentists Register of qualified dentists was started in 1879, there were still many - in fact, probably the majority - who were working in the field who had learned their skills through a less-formal apprenticeship and years of practical experience. In 1921, the position on this was to be formalised when the Dentists Act enabled those who could prove they had worked competently in the field to be accepted to the Register without having passed a formal examination 51. Westmorland was accepted on the Register, apparently on that basis, on 11 August 1922 52. In the meantime, however, his life was to face other dramatic changes. His time in Beeston was to be short as he moved with his family to Turney Street, Nottingham where their daughter was born in 1913 53. When war came in 1914, as a married man with a young family, there were not the immediate pressures to enlist but, in December 1915, he attested under the Derby Scheme and was placed in the Reserve to await recall. In the event the mobilization call came in September 1916 when he joined the Army Service Corps as a motor transport driver and was posted to France in October 1916 and served throughout the remainder of the war and attained the rank of Sergeant 54. After his return to civilian life in December 1919, he continued his dental practice in Nottingham - helped, as we have seen by his admission to the Register in 1922. For a time, around 1925, he practiced from a prominent position in the centre of Nottingham, on South Parade, but moved to Ilkeston, Derbyshire in the 1930s and was to practice there, at 1 Market Street, for about 20 years 55. His wife Annie died in 1946 followed by his death in 1949 56.

As already described, the Greenlees shoe shop remained at this address for around 50 years but, in more recent years - as for many of the High Street shops - the changes in occupants has been more frequent. In recent years it has been the location for Belle & Jerome Restaurant, continued for a time as the Rye restaurant. At the time of writing (late 2019) it is about to re-open as the Circle Eatery.

68 High Road - was the property that, as we have seen, was withdrawn from the sale in 1869. Undoubtedly, as we can now see, this was in some way connected to the death, aged only 51, of the then occupant, Jeffery Etches, early in February 1869, 57 just days before the sale was to be held on the 9th of that month. Etches, his wife Elizabeth and their young family had moved there from Nottingham, just a few years earlier and he had traded there as a tobacconist and smallwares dealer 58. Now, with the help of her older children, Elizabeth was able to continue trading from this address for a few years before moving to Middle Street, Beeston where the family business continued 59.

The next occupant, certainly by 1881, was Joseph Anderson (1852-1932), the fifth son of Joseph Anderson senior (c1816-1891) who, along with his younger brother John Roger Anderson (1856-1941), were to trade as ironmongers before going on to become very active in property development in Beeston and in local politics 60. This was the beginning of the retailing of ironmongery on this site which was to continue, under various owners - as we will see, one in particular - for over 70 years.

By 1891, the business was in the hands of John James Procter who was born in Newark, Notts in 1862, the son of Robert, a chemist, and his wife Jane 61. It may well have been expected that John James would have followed his father in the chemist shop on Castle Gate, Newark but, after Robert's early death in 1873, aged only 42 62, John James' career took a different direction. After an apprenticeship with E A Hussey, an ironmonger in Islington, London 63, he married Rebecca Moore in the Grantham area in 1889 64 and took over the shop in Beeston. It was here that their two youngest children were born - Jane in 1891 and James Richard in 1892 but, although they were trading her for s few more years - they are known to have been there until at least 1894 - by 1901 they had moved on and were living at 48 Imperial Road, Beeston 65. It was later in 1901 when Frank William, the couple's third child, was born and John James had, by then, left self employment behind while still associate with his trade, working as an ironmonger's fitter.

The next occupant of the property was Frederick Sisson Dalton and his wife Adelaide Florence (née Holmes), both born in Nottingham in 1864 and 1866 respectively. In 1891, Frederick had worked as an ironmonger's assistant in the Newington district of Hull and it was there that the couple married in 1891 and where their first child - Florence Sisson Dalton - was born in the following year 65. By about 1895, the couple had moved to Beeston and taken over the Procter's ironmongery business. It seems quite possible that he was assisted in this move by his father, William Dalton, who was a successful Nottingham butcher who was to leave over £27,000 when he died in 1917 67. But, by about 1910, Frederick, with his wife and, by now, their family of three, had moved away from Beeston and set up as a furnishing ironmonger in Southampton 68. He died in 1927, aged 62, having moved to live in Bournemouth 69.

The next occupant was to become particularly well established in Beeston and was to continue in that location for more then fifty years. Those who can remember the High Road in the 1950s will recall this shop as a traditional ironmongery where, for instance, one could buy anything they would need - including nails and screws by weight rather than in small quantities in plastic packets that is so often the norm today. The new occupant was C Hall & Sons, a company founded and controlled by Clay Hall, his sons and, eventually, his grandsons. Clay Hall (the 'C Hall' in the name) was born in Sutton in Ashfield, Notts in 1835 and started his working life as a wheelwright 70. After his marriage to Isabella Shephard in Nottingham in 1861, 71 he became the landlord of the Fox & Hounds in Union Road, Nottingham and later moved to other licensed premises on Great Alfred Street in Nottingham's St Anns District 72. In 1889, however, he changed direction completely and opened an ironmongery at 93 Derby Road, Nottingham. His two surviving sons, Arthur Clay Hall (b. 1868) and Albert Edward Hall (b. 1871) assisted him in the business from the start 73 and it was eventually to became the longest surviving ironmongers in Nottingham in that era. Clay died in 1909 74 and it seems likely that the Beeston shop was acquired at that time, coming under the direct control of Albert Edward who moved with his wife, Lucy Ann (née Cousins) and their son, to live above the Beeston shop 75. Arthur Clay Hall, who had previously lived for a while in Harcourt Street, Beeston 76, had, by then, moved back to Nottingham and remained in day-to-day control of the Nottingham shop.

At some point in the inter-war period, probably in the late 1920s when the principals' grandsons were old enough to take over, there was another major change to their respective involvement and responsibilities. Albert Edward and his son, Charles Herbert Clay Hall (b. 1901), left the business to set up a new venture at Uttoxeter Road, Derby, manufacturing horticultural tools, including tree pruning and fruit picking equipment 77. Arthur Clay Hall continued in overall responsibility for the Nottingham shop, now with increasing assistance from his elder son, Cyril Raymond Hall (b. 1898). This enabled Arthur to take on senior positions with the National Federation of Ironmongers, both at the local level - he was the Secretary of the Nottingham Branch for ten years and was its President for three - and as a member of the National Council He was the local Honorary Treasurer at the time of his death in 1946 78.

These changes were to bring Arthur Lewis Braithwaithe Hall (b. 1901, generally known as 'Lewis', shown right), Arthur Clay Hall's second son, to take over responsibility for the Beeston shop. In 1924, he had married Gertrude Annis Cooper and they later bought a house on the newly developed Peveril Road in Beeston 79 where they were each to live out their respective lives. Electrical goods, including radios, became an important of the Beeston business in particular and Lewis was take a pioneering and energetic interest in the development of radio retailing and, eventually, in the provision of television broadcasting in the Midlands. After an early attempt by a group of Nottingham area retailers - eventually between 40 and 50, including Halls - to form a branch of the National Federation of Radio Retailers failed, it was Lewis' undaunted efforts that led to the formation of a Nottinghamshire branch of the Wireless Retailers Association in 1930. As Honorary Secretary he worked tirelessly to help to strengthen the industry and to ensure that it provided a good service to its customers. In 1937, he became Chairman of the Nottinghamshire Branch at a time when television broadcasting had just recently started and only in the London area. in the years up to the beginning of the war, he campaigned for the provision of a television service outside of London and in the Midlands in particular but, in the event this had to wait until 1949, three years after transmissions had restarted in London following the war-time close-down. In 1945, in recognition of the work that he had done in this field, he was elected President of The Radio and Television Retailers Association of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, a new national body which had amalgamated a number of earlier smaller bodies 80.

The business closed on Beeston High Road in August 1964 followed, in the following February by the death, age 63, of Lewis Hall 81. He had lived to see television ownership blossom during the 1950s - although it appears likely that his business saw little direct benefit from this demand. Ironically, it was to be others - notably, as we have seen, Alex Owen, who was to turn it into a big business success in the area. But we can say that each made their contribution in their respective era.

Since that time, the shop has had various occupants and is now (late 2019) the site of Eco Vape.

70 High Road - occupied the position on the corner of Willoughby Street and was, for much of its life, occupied by grocery or bakery businesses. The earliest occupant that we can trace is Henry Cross, born in Beeston in about 1801 and a widower for much of his life. He appears to traded here as a baker, with the help of his daughter, Milicent Elizabeth, for a few years around 1871 82, up to his death in 1873 83. He was followed by George Marrison who, certainly by 1881, was trading there as a grocer and employing one man and three boys 84. Born in Quorndon, Leicestershire in 1854 he had served an apprenticeship with the draper and grocer, Joseph Gale, in Tuxford, Notts 85. In 1878, he had married Fanny Maria Codd of Lincolnshire 86 and moved to Beeston and opened his business at this on the corner of High Road and Willoughby Street. Their first child, John William, was born there towards the end of the next year and there were to be seven more children - three of whom died as infants - over the next nine years. In around May 1890, however, tragedy hit the family when Fanny died, aged only 35 87. Apparently unable to continue the Beeston business, George arranged for his children to stay with relatives while he took a job as a grocer's assistant in Bolton, Lancashire 88. In 1891, he married Louisa Martha Lofthouse, then living in Long Eaton, Derbyshire 89 and they then settled in Bolton with his children where he had become a grocer's manager by 1901 90. The couple had a daughter of their own in 1896. George died in Bolton in 1909, aged 55 91.

The next occupant of this property was William Asher who was born in Nottingham in about 1841. He and his wife Mary (née Willis) 92 had previously lived at Alfreton Road, Nottingham where William traded as a grocer and tea dealer 93 and by the time they moved to Beeston, around 1890, they had five children, aged between about 18 and 6. In this new position, William was described as a grocer and provision dealer and, already aged 50 with two working aged sons 94, he perhaps might have hoped that one or two of them would join him in the business and take over when he retired. However, both sons followed a different path as house painters and decorators and, as it turned out, by 1894, William had begun to assist his elder son, Ernest Leonard, then based in Radford, Nottingham 95, in his growing painting and decorating business. Apparently finding this a better option than his Beeston business, William, Mary and their younger children had moved back to Alfreton Road, Nottingham 96. Their second son, William Herbert, left to settle in America in 1896, returning briefly to marry Florence Ann Wilson in 1897, before settling first in Delaware, Pennsylvania before moving to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada 97. Although William died in Nottingham in 1910 98, there was to be a later return to Beeston by Ernest, his wife Helena and family who, in 1939 were living on Broadgate, side by side with their son Bernard and his family in the adjoining cottage 99.

For a short period, between about 1893 and 1895, the shop was occupied by James Arthur Glazier, a relatively young man aged about 27. Although his father, step-grandfather and grandfather had all been grocers in the Horncastle and Boston areas of Lincolnshire 100, he had faced much difficulty in his childhood when his mother died, aged only 33, when he was nine, followed by his father's death 101 when he was thirteen. Nevertheless, it appears that he was able to establish himself in that trade - perhaps with an apprenticeship - as, by 1891, he had moved to Beeston and was working as a grocer 102. His wife-to-be,was Ruth Powell (née Lawrence), a Lincolnshire woman who had herself faced difficulties when her first husband, John Charles Powell, had died in 1887 after less than two years of marriage. Having then moved to Beeston to take up a position in domestic service to a family in Station Villas 103, she was to meet James Arthur. They married in towards the end of 1891, returning, as is the custom, to the bride's district in Lincolnshire for the ceremony 104. Soon after the couple settled back in Beeston, James Arthur began to trade at the High Road shop 105and, while there, two children were born to them in 1892 and 1894. For some reason, however, the venture does not appear to have been a success as, soon after this, the couple left Beeston for Staffordshire, later moving to Birmingham and then Nuneaton, with James Arthur working in a number of manual jobs 106. Three more children were born to the couple between 1897 and 1900, Ruth died in Nuneaton in 1948, after which, James Arthur was able, after their daughter Amy had married widower Frederick Everard there in 1948, to return to live out his days Lincolnshire. He died there in 1958 107.

But for a single entry in the White's Directory of 1894, there was nothing to connect James Arthur Glazier with the shop at 70 (then 36) High Road - although he had appeared elsewhere in Beeston by the time of the 1891 Census as a 'Grocer'. Based on this slim evidence, further investigation revealed the circumstances of his difficult earlier life and that of his wife to be - as well as their contrasting life together after leaving Beeston. And, as so often happens, more in depth research revealed an interesting story from the past : James Arthur's mother was born Matilda Baumber Turner, in November 1843 to Saul and Eleanor Woodroffe (née Baumber) Turner. In turn, Eleanor's parents - James Arthur's great-grandparents - were Joseph and Elizabeth (née Fowler) Baumber. This Elizabeth's parents, Thomas and Elizabeth (née Matthews), were, it seems acquainted with Reverend George Clayton Tennyson, rector of Somersby, Lincolnshire from 1807 until his death in 1831. His somewhat turbulent marriage to Elizabeth Fytche (1781-1865), blighted by mental illness, produced twelve children, the most prominent of which was their fourth son, the poet who became the Poet Laureate, Alfred, Lord Tennyson 108. Remarkably, it is said that Tennyson based the subject of his "Northern Farmer" poems - either the "Old Style" or the "New Style" farmer 109, it is not clear which, on Joseph Baumber, the son-in-law of Thomas and Elizabeth Baumber and great-grandfather of James Arthur Glazier 110. The poems are written in Lincolnshire dialect and give an interesting insight in the way that Lincolnshire farmers spoke in the early and mid-19th century. A real example of the need to follow up every line of enquiry when tracing ancestors.

William Walker Tipton, the next occupant at this address has already been described when he was trading at 7 Church Street at the western end of The Square had already traded on or near the High Road. There we saw that he had been born in Newark, Notts in 1858, the son of William and Jane (née Walker) Tipton. William senior was also a grocer and, almost certainly, his son had become his apprentice when, in 1871 Jane, wife and mother respectively died, aged only 33, followed tragically, by William senior in 1876. In 1878, he married Annie Jackson in Newark and had been able to move to Beeston by 1881 and set up in business at 7 Church Street as a baker. As we speculated when we looked at that property, it is highly likely that the intervention of Miss Gamble, a Newark miller who owned the Church Street property had made it possible for this young man, in these difficult circumstances, to make the move to Beeston and get started in business. By 1891 he had moved, still trading as a baker, to the eastern end of the High Road, to what was then number 92 and now, in the mid 1890s he and wife and their five children now moved to this more central location, to trade as a baker and grocer. Sadly, in 1908, Annie Tipton died and William retired from his Beeston business to live out his life with his eldest daughter's family. This daughter, Jenny, had married had married Horace Wheatley who was to find success as a plumbing contractor. Together, they later moved to live at Skegness, where William was to die in 1917 and Jenny and Horace in 1936 and 1956 respectively.

The next to occupy this shop was Albert Steggles who was born in Stevenage, Hertfordshire in 1853 111 and had moved to Nottingham as a young man as a grocer's manager 100 by the time he married Elizabeth Emma Hough there in 1879 113. After thirty years as a manager in the grocery trade, Albert had decided to put that experience to the test by moving, with his wife and the four youngest of their six children to take on the Beeston shop on his own account in about 1910 114. As the picture shows, the well turned-out Albert ran a traditional family grocer's shop, offering the personal service that was demanded by discerning customers at the time and he was also a baker as well as specialising as a tea dealer and corn and flour merchant. Memories of that time also recall his neat horse-drawn delivery van - also a must-have to serve his customers. It was a formula that appears to have worked as he was able to trade there successfully for almost twenty years - in fact, up to his death in 1929, aged 75 115. His son Walter continued in the bakery trade in Beeston while another son, Charles traded as a grocer on Queens Road, Beeston.

The shop at this location had now served as a locally-run grocery outlet, through at least six occupants, for about sixty years but now the next occupant signaled the change that had already begun to creep into the High Road when a outlert for a regional chain - the pork pie specialist, Parrs Stores were located here for several years.

Today (late 2019), the property is occupied by CeX which buys and sells DVDs, video games and digital devices

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Footnotes - (Note: the respective footnote text may now be viewed in a pop-up window by clicking on any blue, underscored note number within the main text)
Where reference is made to the Probate Calender (Index giving brief details of grant of Probate/Administration), unless specifically stated, the full will and probate documentation has not been seen.
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Notes

1 By 1908, numbering on the High Road had become erratic and an unsuitable basis for fitting in new developments. In response, the local council's surveyor carried out a renumbering. Details of this and copies of the plans showing both old and new number can be see here.

2 The general enclosure of open fields in Beeston took place in 1809 under the terms of a private Act of Parliament of 1806 and the work of the Commissioners appointed to allocate the land according to individuals' rights of common. Less formal enclosure of parts of the Parish had taken place in earlier years and, as was usual, much of the central village core was already held by individuals, mostly as small crofts. The Enclosure Award map, part of which is shown here, shows that the land in question was already in that latter category

3 His headstone can be viewed here. For some reason, the year of his death is engraved as '1835' rather that the actual year, 1836

4 John Walker (c1801-1844) married Hannah Webster (c1809-1879) at St Johns Parish Church, Beeston, Nottinghamshire on 21 April 1831. John had been baptised there on 1 February 1844 and both John and Hannah were buried in the churchyard. Their memorials and that of their daughter may be seen here.

5 Beeston was first supplied with gas in 1861, then by Nottingham Gas Light and Coke Company, a private company that was eventually taken over by Nottingham Town Council in 1874. Gas street lighting was introduced in Beeston in 1872.

6 The format and scope and of this iniative and how succesful it was, is presently unknown. However, on the face of it, it does appear to have been a personal iniative rather that one that was associated with the Wesleyan school on Chapel Street, as day school management and policy was, by then, in the hands of the School Board.

7 John Walker is named as one of the Sunday School teachers in a Bible presented to James Henson, the retiring Superintendant of the Wesleyan Chapel, Beeston, at Christmas 1864. The Bible is now held by Henson's gt-gt-grand-daughter in Australia.

8 Louisa died on 2 June 1906, aged 70. John died on 12 October 1914, age 78. Probate of his estate, valued at £5,774 was granted to his three sons. The memorial to John and Susannah Moore, with added inscription in memory of John & Louisa, may be accessed from here.

9 Harry died on 2 July 1941, aged 81. Eliza died in the June Quarter of 1952, age 84.

10 Details of the Divorce Court hearing appeared in the Nottingham Journal of 14 October 1939. Maurice George Barton went on to marry Margaret Zeta Ledger. Gladys did not remarry and died on 1 April 1972, aged 72.

11 Thomas Wright Thornhill, a lace maker, had married Helen Walker in 1899. They had three children. Thomas Walker Thornhill (1900-1970), Ronal Thornall (b. 1906) and Muriel Louise Thornhill (b. 1914. He died on 6 May 1938, aged 69.

12 Horace Walker died on 27 January 1943, aged 82. His estate, valued at £6,714, was proved by his sister, Helen Thornhill on 19 April 1943. Helen died on 19 October 1950, aged 77. Her estate, valued at £4,715 was proved by her son, Thomas Walker Thornhill and her daughter, then Muriel Louise Yates.

13 John Walker was born on 10 January 1869 in Beeston, Nottinghamshire and married Elizabeth Burrows (b. 1861 Leeds) in Q1/1892 (GRO : Basford Registration District: Ref 7b 261). He appears to have been employed by the Humber Cycle Works for all his career, first as a clerk and, by 1911, as Sales Manager, while living with his family at 24 Cromwell Road, Beeston, Nottinghamshire (1901 Census: Piece 20427 RD429 SD3 ED2 Sched 329), even though Humber had moved to Coventry in 1908.

14 George Clifford was born on 14 May 1871, the fourth child, eldest son, of eight children of Henry (b. Stapleford, c1832) and Maria (née Woodward Ilkeston c1835) Clifford. Henry worked for most of his life as a brick maker in various brickyards in the Bramcote/Stapleford area and in Wollaton. In 1871 the family were at 7 Coventry Lane, Bramcote (1871 Census: Piece 3555 Folio 6), at the Brick Yard in Stapleford in 1881 (1881 Census: Piece 3391 Folio 117) and at The Brickyard, Wollaton in 1891 (1891 Census: Piece 2671 Folio 152).
George married Eleanor Barker (b. 14 February 1870 Beeston, Nottinghamshire, the daughter of Henry and Sarah Amy (née Line) Barker, of 19 September 1891 at Wollaton, Notts (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Index of Marriages).

15 Details of Harold Clifford's enlistment date (19 June 1916) and discharge date (2 Apr 1918) are recorded in his entry in the records of the recipients of the Silver War Badge (awarded to those who were discharged during the war as a result of wounds or sickness). He was also awarded the Victory Medal and British War Medal (WW1 Service Medal and Award Rolls).

16 The advertisements appeared in the Beeston Gazette & Echo on 26 November 1921 and similar ones appeared there on later occasions.

17 Harold Clifford married Gertrude Annie Stevenson (b. 3 September 1897) at St Johns Parish Church, Beeston, Nottinghamshire on 6 April 1920 (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Index of Marriages).

18 (England and Wales Registration - September 1939)

19 George Clifford was interviewed on the occasion of his 90th birthday and described how he was still helping with the business (Newspaper report, Stapleford & Sandiacre Advertiser, 6 January 1961)

20 Harold Clifford died on 27 February 1974, probably in Beeston, Nottinghamshire. His estate, valued at £25,591, was proved at Nottingham District Probate Registry, on 13 February 1975 (Probate Calender).

21 The Greenlees name appears at this point, on the plan that was prepared by Ernest A Bush, the Council's Surveyor, in 1908, as the basis for the renumbering of High Road, Beeston. It can be seen here.

22 (1861 Census: Piece 2440 Folio 93 - High Road, Beeston, Nottinghamshire>

23 George Savage, the son of John & Elizabeth (née Wragg) Savage, was baptised at St Peters Church, Mansfield, Notts on 5 August 1810 (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Baptisms Transcription). He married Mary Ann Sanderson there on 22 June 1841 (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Index of Marriages) and they had four children between 1856 and 1848 before her death and burial, in Mansfield, in May 1849 (Death Notice : Nottinghamshire Guardian - 10 May 1849).

24 George Savage had married Jane Woodcock, at Mansfield, Notts on 11 February 1854. Born in Mansfield in 1806, she was the eldest daughter of William Woodcock, an attorney-at-law, and Sarah his wife. She died on 19 March 1860 and was buried in the churchyard of St Johns Parish Church, Beeston, Nottinghamshire. Her memorial, which also had details of her husband's subsequent death, can no longer found there but was recorded in a survey during the early 1980s.

25 His Discharge from bankruptcy was reported in the Nottinghamshire Guardian on 13 August 1862. No reports of the details of his bankruptcy have been found.

26 He died on 1 May 1867 at Beeston, Nottinghamshire and was buried with his wife in the churchyard of St Johns Parish Church, Beeston, Nottinghamshire His estate, valued at under £200, was proved by his nephew, Thomas Savage the younger, a Mansfield grocer & spirit merchant, on 22 Oct 1867 at Nottingham District Probate Registry (Probate Calender).

27 (Notice of Sale : Nottingham Journal - 19 June 1867).

28 Eldred Faull was born on 13 May 1836 and baptised at the Wesleyan Chapel on Stokesley, Yorkshire on 31 May 1836. His father, John Honey Faull, was born in Redruth, Cornwall on 7 June 1797. His mother, Jane née Cooper, was born on 28 July 1801 at Wotton Bridge, Isle of Wight, the daughter of George & Lydia Cooper (Stokesley (Wesleyan) Baptismal Register and memorial inscription in churchyard of St Johns Parish Church, Beeston, Nottinghamshire).

29 In 1851, aged 14, he is recorded as a draper's apprentice, living on Angel(l) Street, Sheffield amongst many other store assistants, probably then employed at the large draper's store there, opened by the Cockayne family (1851 Census: Piece 2338 Folio 83).

30 In 1861, aged 24, he is recorded as an assistant to, and living in the household of Charles C Cocking, a druggist, seedsman, etc, in Burlington Street, Wath upon Dearne, Yorkshire (1861 Census: Piece 3510 Folio 25).

31 They were married on 26 August 1869 by Eldred's father, assisted by Revd. Henry Goode Faull, Eldred's brother. Emma Bawdry was the youngest daughter of the late Thomas Bawdry of Rumburgh (Ipswich Journal - 28 August 1869)

32 The birth dates and death dates of John Honey Faull, his wife Jane and his grandson, John Eldred Faull (son of Eldred & Emma) appear on their joint memorial stone which survives in the churchyard of St Johns Parish Church, Beeston, Nottinghamshire.

33 Eldred Faull died at 66 Church Street, Warrington, Lancashire on 12 November 1890. His estate, valued at £226 2s 4d, was proved at Liverpool Probate Registry by his widow, on 12 November 1890 (Probate Calender).

34 In 1891, Emma, then a widow, age 54, is at 66 Church Street, Warrinton, Lancashire and recorded as 'living on income from chemist shop' with three dependant children. The business was being managed by Henry Richard Williams, aged 23, who was boarding with the family (1891 Census: Piece 3080 Folio 30).

35 On 3 August 1897, soon after his arrival in Canada, William Henry married Elizabeth Frost in Wentworth, Ontario. By 1911, he was working as a real estate salesman in Gibson's Landing, British Columbia and, by 1921, as a Canadian Pacific Railway wharf foreman in Vancouver, British Columbia (Canadian Census and Provincial marriage records).

36 In 1901, Emma was living with her two daughters at High Street, Yoxford, Suffolk and trading as a stationer and newsagent (1901 Census: Piece 1791 Folio 80).In 1911, Emma and Ema Irene were at 12a Stradbrook Road, Southwold, Suffolk and trading as booksellers (1911 Census: Piece 10971 RD216 SD2 ED 1 Sched 250)

37 By September 1939, Mary Elizabeth was a State Registered Nurse, living (probably boarding) at 22 Bolton Gardens, Twickenham. Middlesex (England and Wales Registration - September 1939).

38 Emma Faull died on 18 April 1917 in the Blything Registration District of Suffolk. Her estate, valued at £889 12s 6d, was proved at Ipswich Probate Registry by her two daughters, on 4 June 1917 (Probate Calender).

39 By September 1939, Emma was living alone at her stationery and newsagents shop at 12a Stradbroke Road, Southwold, Suffolk (England and Wales Registration - September 1939).

40 Mary Elizabeth Faull died in Ipswich, Suffolk on 28 September 1944, aged 68. Emma Irene Faull died on 6 December 1944 at Southwold, Suffolk, aged 73. Their estates, valued at £1,854 11s 10d and £3.474 11s 4d respectively, were proved on 31 August 1945 and 14 April 1945 respectively, both at Llandudno Probate Registry (an emergency central registry which operated during the war years) and both by Edward Gaymer Parke, a brewery manager (of a nearby family in Southwold, presumably friends. His wife was a nurse).

41 His birth was registered Ecclesall Bierlow Registration District in Q1/1861(Ref 9c 245). His precise date of birth (18 February 1861) is recorded in his entry in the 1939 Registration.

42 Mary Blurton's birth was registered in Sheffield Registration District in Q4/1839, she married Thomas Frost at Worksop (St Mary Priory) Notts on 22 May 1860 (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Index of Marriages) and her death was registered in Ecclesall Beirlow Registration District in Q1/1862 (Ref 9c 168)

43 Thomas Frost married Jane Rosaline Bell in Sheffield Registration District in Q4/1867 (Ref 9c 598). In 1881, they and their children were living at 5 Cambridge Street, Ecclesall Bierlow, Yorkshire with the help of a domestic servant (1881 Census: Piece 4630 Folio 5). By then, Arthur had left home, although he has not been located on that census.

44 Thomas Frost died on 23 October 1890, aged 63. His estate, valued at £262, was proved by his widow and Arthur Blurton Frost at Wakefield Probate Registry on 14 November 1890 (Probate Calender).

45 For some explained reason, Arthur Blurton Frost and Elizabeth Wilkinson were married at St Georges Church, Leicester, on 18 June. 1883 (Nottinghamshire Guardian - 29 June 1883).

46 He was then trading at that address as a chemist and wine & spirit merchant (Kellys Directory of Nottinghamshire, 1904).

47 They had moved to this address by 1911 (1911 Census: Piece 20428 RD429 SD3 ED3 Sched 136) and lived there for the rest of their respective lives.

48 Arthur Blurton Frost died on 6 July 1951. His estate, valued at £16,423 0s 5d, was proved by Thomas Ralph Burrows (chemist) and Philip Arthur Walker (estate agent) on 12 October 1951 at Nottingham District Probate Registry (Probate Calender). Elizabeth Frost died on 8 February 1953. Her estate, valued at £24,209 6s, was also proved by Thomas Ralph Burrows and Philip Arthur Walker, on 1 April 1953 at Nottingham District Probate Registry (Probate Calender).

49 This summary of the Greenlees and "Easiephit" story is based on https://buildingourpast.com/2017/09/09/the-story-of-easiephit/

50 (1911 Census: Piece 20431 RD429 SD3 ED6 Sched 134). William Edwin Westmoreland was born in Nottingham on 11 November 1888 and Annie McDemott was born there on 15 July 1887 (Dates based on those recorded on 1939 Registration). They married at Nottingham Register Office on 12 September 1909 (Army Service Records). John Edward was also born there, on 1 March 1908 (As recorded on the 1939 Registration)

51 The position prior to the Dentist Act, 1921 is discussed at https://bda.org/museum/enquiries/PublishingImages/-and-research/was-your-ancestor-a-dentist-factsheet.pdf .

52 This registration date appears in the Dentists Register, 1925 and subsequent editions. In 1925 he is recorded as practicing at South Parade, Nottingham.

53 Marjorie Diana Meryl Westmoreland, their daughter, was born on 30 August 1913, probably at 48 Turney Street, Nottingham (Army Service Record)

54 His enlistment and service with the Army Service Corps is documented in his Army Service Record, available on ancestry.com.

55 In 1939, he was living and practicing at this address (England and Wales Registration - September 1939) and the Dental Register records show that he was still there in 1942. He practiced in Ilkeston for 20 years and was the Honorary Treasurer of the Nottingham & Derby branch of the Incorporated Dental Society for several years (Obituary - Nottingham Journal - 24 May 1949).

56 Annie Westmoreland died on 13 January 1946 in Ilkeston, Derbyshire (Decesaed Online). William Edwin Westmoreland died on 22 May 1949, by which time he was living at 190 Derby Road, Ilkeston. His estate, valued at £4,141 11s, was proved by his son, John Edward, and Walter Scott, his Ilkeston solicitor, at Nottingham District Probate Registry on 27 October 1949 (Probate Calender).
John Edward Westmoreland, his son, held senior positions in mental health with Derbyshire County Council and with Nottingham Council. He was awarded the MBE for that work, in the Birthday Honours List in 1961 (Birmingham Daily Post - 10 June 1961).

57 Jeffery Etches died, probably in Beeston, Nottinghamshire in February 1869 and was buried on the 3rd of that month (Deceased Online)

58 (1861 Census: Piece 2440 Folio 99 - High Road, Beeston, Nottinghamshire).

59 In 1871 she was living at the High Road address with her three children and trading as a general dealer (1871 Census: Piece 3488 Folio 47). By 1881, the family had moved to Middle Street East with the two older children still working in the smallware trade (1881 Census: Piece 3331 Folio 121). Elizabeth died in July 1885 (Deceased Online).

60

61 In 1871, Robert, his wife Jane and their son John James were living and trading from 2 Castle Gate, Newark, Nottinghamshire (1871 Census: Piece 3542 Folio 58). John James's birth was registered in Q1 1862 in Newark Registration District (Ref 7b 314)

62 Robert Proctor died on 5 February 1873. His estate, valued at under £2000, was proved at Nottingham District Probate Registry on 25 April 1873 by Joseph Chester (a Nottingham corn dealer and Charles Judge, a Newark accountant (Probate Calender).

63 (1881 Census: Piece 259 Folio 48 - 187 Seven Sisters Road, Islington, London).

64 Their marriage was registered in Grantham Registration District in Q4 1889 (Ref 7a 887). By 1891, they were living and trading at 34 High Road, Beeston, Nottinghamshire. (1891 Census: Piece 2671 Folio 86).

65 (1901 Census: Piece 3152 Folio 67).

66 Frederick Sisson Dalton's birth was registered in Q4/1864 (GRO : Nottingham Registration District: Ref 7b 210). Adelaide Florence Holmes was born in Nottingham on 21 November 1866 (Date recorded in the 1939 Registration). They married in Q1/1891 in the Hull Registration District (Ref 9d 359) where Frederick was then working and where they began their married life together (1891 Census: Piece 3919 Folio 100 - 21 Lonsdale Street, Newington, Hull). The birth of their first child, Florence Sisson Dalton, was registered in the nearby Sculcoates Registration District in Q1/1892 (Ref 9d 134)

67 In 1901, the couple were living at 34 High Road. Beeston, Nottinghamshire where Frederick was then trading as an ironmonger. Their two other children were born in Beeston in 1895 and 1899 respectively (1901 Census: Piece 3153 Folio 108).

68 In 1911, the family was living at 109 East Street, Southampton where Frederick was then trading as a furnishing ironmonger (1911 Census: Piece 5985 RD99 SD1 ED51 Sched 20).

69 He died on 4 June 1927 having retired to live at 4 Chidwell Road, Bournemouth. His estate, valued at £4,740 1s 8d. was proved by his widow, on 29 June 1927. at Winchester Probate Registry (Probate Calender).

70 In 1851, aged 15, Clay Hall was living with his parents, farmer William Hall & his wife Sarah at 645 Cottage Hill, Sutton in Ashfield, Nottinghamshire. He was then apprenticed as a wheelwright (1851 Census: Piece 2123 Folio 381). By 1861, he was boarding in Nottingham and working as a wheelwright (1861 Census: Piece 2469 Folio 4).

71 They were married on 21 May 1861 at St Marys Church, Nottingham (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Index of Marriages).

72 In 1871, they were keeping the Fox & Hounds on Union Road, Nottingham and had two surviving children, (1871 Census: Piece 3519 Folio 21) and, in 1881 they were keeping licenced premises at 185 Great Alfred Street, St Anns, Nottingham and had three children (1881 Census: Piece 3356 Folio 51).

73 In 1891 they were trading at 93 Derby Road, Nottingham. Both sons, Arthur Clay Hall (then 22) and Albert Edward Hall (then 19), were assisting their father in the business. Their daughter was described a 'Professor or Music' - probably a music teacher (1891 Census: Piece 2682 Folio 139)

74 Clay Hall died on 5 April 1909, at Nottingham aged 73. His estate, valued at £4,774 19s 2d, was proved at Nottingham District Probate Registry on 5 April 1909, by Arthur Clay Hall, ironmonger and John Thomas Goodwin, baker (Probate Calender).

75 Albert Edward Hall married Lucy Ann Cousins in Q3 1897 (St Georges Hanover Square, London Registration District - Ref 1a 1003). In 1911 they were living, with their 10-year-old son Charles Herbert Clay Hall, above the shop at 68 High Road, Beeston, Nottinghamshire (1911 Census: Piece 20431 RD429 SD3 ED6 Sched 135).

76 Arthur Clay Hall married Mary Ann Greensmith at St Matthews Church, Nottingham on 22 July 1897 (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Index of Marriages). in March 1901, they were living at 25 Harcourt Street, Beeston, Nottinghamshire with their 2-year-old son, Cyril Raymond Hall (1901 Census: Piece 3153 Folio 76). Their second son, Arthur Lewis Braithwaite Hall was born later that year.

77 By 1939, Albert Edward Hall and his wife were living at 188 Uttoxeter Road, Derby. He was then described as an horticultural tool manufacurer - Standard, Fulera & Grant tree pruners (England and Wales Registration - September 1939)His son, Charles Herbert Clay Hall, who had married Elsie Mee in Derby in 1928, was living with his family at 25 Rowditch Avenue, Derby and was involved with the horticultural implement business (England and Wales Registration - September 1939).

78 By 1939, Arthur Clay Hall and his wife had moved to live at Rosevue, Crifton Road, Burton Joyce, Nottinghamshire (England and Wales Registration - September 1939). His life, career and involvement with ironmongery bodies later in life, are described in his obituary (NottinghamEvening Post - 25 November 1946) following his death on 22 November 1946. His estate, valued at £3,887 14s 5d, was proved at Nottingham District Probate Registry on 10 March 1947, by Cyril Raymond and Lewis Hall (ironmongers) and Henry John Hallam (solicitor) (Probate Calender).

79 Lewis married Gertrude Annis Cooper in Q3 1924 in Nottingham (GRO : Nottingham Registration District: Ref 7b 880). By 1939, they were living at 44 Peveril Road. Beeston, Nottinghamshire(England and Wales Registration - September 1939).

80 His energetic involvement in strengthening radio and television retailing during the 1930s and 1940s was well documented in the Nottingham press - including the Nottingham Journal of 1 January 1936, 11 February 1937, 28 June 1939 and 13 October 1945.

81 Lewis Hall died on 31 May 1965, probably at Beeston, Nottinghamshire. His estate, valued at £8,712, was proved by his widow, on 31 May 1965, at Nottingham District Probate Registry (Probate Calender).

82 Henry and his daughter, together with a young servant were living and trading there in 1871 (1871 Census: Piece 3488 Folio 47).

83 Henry died, probably in Beeston, Nottinghamshire in Q4 2873 (GRO : Basford Registration District: Ref 7b 86 - age 72).

84 In 1881, George Marrison, his wife 'Fannie A' and their son John William were living at the grocer's shop on High Road, Beeston, Nottinghamshire. They employed a domestic servant and he employed one man and three boys in the business (1881 Census: Piece 3133 Folio 107).

85 In 1871, George was aged 17, living in Elder Street, Tuxford, Nottinghamshire in the household of and apprenticed to Joseph Gale, then described as a draper (but sometimes as a draper and grocer) (1871 Census: Piece 3456 Folio 21);

86 George Marrison and Fanny Marie Codd married in Q1 1878 (GRO : Caister Registration District: Ref 7a 854).

87 She died in Q2 1890, apparently in Beeston, Nottinghamshire (GRO : Basford Registration District: Ref 7b 106 - age 35).

88 (1891 Census: Piece 3199 Folio 100 - lodging at 34 Grecian Street, Bolton Lancs)

89 George Marrison married Louisa Martha Lofthouse, probably in Long Eaton, Derbyshire, in Q2 1891 (GRO : Shardlow Registration District: Ref 7b 708).

90 In 1901, George and his second wife were living at 77 Willows Lane, Bolton, Lancashire, with their daughter and three working children by his first wife+ (1901 Census: Piece 3603 Folio 11).

91 His death was registered in the Bolton Registration Districtin Q2 1909 (Ref 8c 232).

92 William Asher married Mary Willis at St Marks Church, Nottingham on 18 February 1869 (Nottinghamshire Family History Society: Index of Marriages).

93 In 1881, William Asher was living with his wife and three children and trading as a grocer and tea dealer at 142 Alfreton Road, Nottingham (1881 Census: Piece 3349 Folio 118).

94 In 1891, William Asher was living with his wife and five children and trading as a grocer and provision dealer at 36 High RoadBeeston, Nottinghamshire (1891 Census: Piece 2671 Folio 86).

95 In 1901, Ernest Asher was living with his wife and son at 291 Alfreton Road, Nottingham and trading as a house painter and decorator (1901 Census: Piece 3181 Folio 181).

96 In 1901, William Asher was living at 206 Alfreton Road, Nottingham with his wife and two daughters. He was working as a house painter, probably for his son (1901 Census: Piece 3181 Folio 179).

97 In 1900 William Herbert Asher was living a 200 Clayton Street, Delaware, Pennsylvania with his wife and two children, working as a paper hanger. By 1916, the family, now including three children, were are 374 Madison Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada where he worked as a house painter. He died in Winnipeg on 1 June 1934 and is buried in Brookside Cemetery there (1900 US Federal Census, 1916 Manitoba Census and the Find a Grave Website).

98 William Asher died on 27 April 1910. His estate valued at £164 4s 3d, was proved by his widow at Nottingham District Probate Registry on 23 May 1910 (Probate Calender).

99 (England and Wales Registration - September 1939)

100 In 1861, Frederick, his father, then aged about 16, was assisting his stepfather, John Wood, at his grocery and ironmongers shop in the Market Place in Horncastle, Lincolnshire (1861 Census: Piece 2366 Folio 30). In 1867, he married Matilda Baumber Turner and, by 1871, he was working as a grocer's assistant in Skirbeck, Boston, Lincolnshire, living with his wfe, two children and a domestic servant (1871 Census: Piece 3344 Folio 49).

101 Matilda Glazier died in Q2 1877 (GRO : Boston Registration District: Ref 7a 279 - age 33). Frederick Glazier died in Q2 1882 (GRO : Boston Registration District: Ref 7a 243 - age 38).

102 In 1891, James Arthur Glazier, aged 25, was boarding at 24 Lower Regent Street, Beeston, Nottinghamshire and working as a grocer (1891 Census: Piece 2671 Folio 121).

103 Ruth Powell (né Lawrence) was widowed in 1887 after being married to John Charles Powell for just over two years. With no dependant children, she was able to resume her occupation as a domestic servant and, by 1891, she had found a position in the Cresswell household in Station Villas, Beeston, Nottinghamshire.

104 They married in Q4 1891 (GRO : Holbeach Registration District: Ref 7a 869).

105 The only record we have of their apparently brief time there is an entry in Whites Directory for 1894. Presumable it was not a success.

106 In 1901, they were living at No 2, back of 115 Devonshire Street Birmingham, where James was working as a sewer forman (1901 Census: Piece 2850 Folio 134). By 1911, they were living at Diamond Jubilee Cottage, Coppice Lane, Hartshill, Atherstone, Warwickshire, with James working as a labourer for the Nuneaton Gas Company (1911 Census: Piece 18432 RD387 SD1 ED14 Sched 121). By 1939, they were at 154 Edward Street, Nuneaton, Warwickshire where James, then aged 71, worked as a stone quarry labourer(England and Wales Registration - September 1939).

107 He died on 29 November 1958 while living with his married daughter Amy at Elder Cottage, Gedney Marsh, Lincolnshire, His estate, valued at £1,417 11s 1d, was proved by his daughter Amy at Peterborough Probate Registry on 18 December 1958 (Probate Calender).

108 A description of the Tennyson household is at www.notablebiographies.com/St-Tr/Tennyson-Alfred-Lord.html

109 The poems, written in 1864-65, may be seen at www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45371/northern-farmer-old-style and www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45372/northern-farmer-new-style respectively.

110 The claim was made in the obituary of John Fowler, the brother of Elizabeth, who died in 1895, aged 95 (Stamford Mercury - 5 December 1895).

111 Albert Steggles was the son of Robert & Elizabeth baptised at Stevenage, Hertfordshire on 6 November 1853 (British Isles Vital Records Index - with father's name wrongly recorded or transcribed as 'Albert')

112 In 1881, Albert Steggles and his wife Emma were living at 227 Great Alfred Street, Nottingham. He was then desribed as a grocer's manager (1881 Census: Piece 3356 Folio 56).

113 Albert Steggles married Elizabeth Emma Hough in Nottingham in Q4/1879 (GRO : Nottingham Registration District: Ref 7b 544)

114 In 1911, Albert Steggles with his wife and four working children were living at 70 High Road, Beeston, Nottinghamshire. He was described as a baker and grocer (1911 Census: Piece 20432 RD429 SD3 ED6 Sched 136).

115 Albert Steggles died on 12 March 1929 at Nottingham General Hospital. His estate, valued at £453 13s 8d, was proved by his widow at Nottingham District Probate Registry on 11 April 1929 (Probate Calender).

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© David Hallam - 2019